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What is a cataract?
A cataract is a clouding of the eye's natural lens. When the lens becomes cloudy, it interferes with the
passage of light through the eye, resulting in a decrease in vision. The lens of the eye is similar to the
lens of a camera. When the camera lens is not working properly you get a blurry photograph. When the lens
of the eye becomes cloudy your vision decreases and things appear blurry.
What causes cataracts?
Most cataracts are related to the natural ageing of the eye. However, other factors can be involved. Some
diseases, such as diabetes or glaucoma, or the use of certain medications, such as steroids, are thought to
increase the chance of a cataract occurring. Often, a cataract only covers a small part of the lens; if
sight is not greatly impaired there is no need to remove the cataract. However, if a large portion of the
lens becomes cloudy, sight can be partially or completely lost until the cataract is removed.
Who can have a cataract?
Cataracts can occur at any age. Most cataracts occur in people who are 60 years of age or older, although a
smaller number of people develop cataracts between the ages of 45 and 60. Some cataracts occur in children a
t birth due to genetic disorders or if the mother had rubella (German measles). Cataracts due to injury can
occur at any age.
What are some cataract symptoms?
If you have cataracts you may not realize it right away. Vision loss may be gradual, painless and hard to
detect until significant loss has occurred. Depending on the nature and cause, a cataract can develop
rapidly over a few months or slowly over many years. In older people, it is not unusual for cataracts to
develop in both eyes but most of the time the cataract develops in only one eye at a time. People with a
cataract in only one eye may notice a loss of depth perception; this can cause problems in judging where
stairs are and determining the distance of cars driving in front of them. Some of the more common symptoms
of cataracts include:
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